Kidney
22 markers in this category
Citrate
Urinary citrate is a key stone-prevention marker particularly relevant for men, who are more likely to develop kidney stones. Dietary factors common in men's nutrition, such as high protein and sodium intake, can lower citrate levels and increase stone risk.
Creatinine
Creatinine is the gold standard kidney marker and is particularly relevant for men, who typically have higher baseline levels due to greater muscle mass. High-protein diets and creatine supplementation, common among men, can further influence results.
Creatinine (Urine)
Urinary creatinine is relevant for men's kidney health assessment. Men typically excrete more creatinine due to greater muscle mass, and factors such as high-protein diets and creatine supplementation can further influence urinary creatinine levels.
Cystatin C
Cystatin C offers men a more accurate kidney function assessment that is not influenced by muscle mass or high-protein diets. For men with significant muscle mass or those using creatine supplements, cystatin C provides a clearer picture of true kidney health.
Microalbumin (Urine)
Microalbumin testing is an important part of men's kidney health monitoring. Men with hypertension or diabetes are at increased risk of kidney damage, and conditions such as prostate enlargement can compound urinary health concerns, making early screening valuable.
Oxalate
Urinary oxalate testing is relevant for men's kidney health, as men are more likely to develop kidney stones than women. Dietary habits, protein intake, and hydration patterns common among men can influence oxalate levels and stone formation risk.
Protein (Urine)
Protein in urine testing is an important component of men's kidney health assessment. Men with hypertension, diabetes, or prostate conditions that affect urinary health should consider regular monitoring to detect kidney changes early.
Urea (BUN)
BUN is a kidney function marker particularly relevant for men who follow high-protein diets or engage in intensive strength training. Higher protein intake and greater muscle mass can influence BUN levels, making regular monitoring an important part of men's health management.
Urine Bilirubin
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment formed when red blood cells break down. It is normally not found in urine, so a positive dipstick result can point to the liver or bile ducts.
Urine Blood
This dipstick result detects blood in the urine that may not be visible to the eye. Blood can come from anywhere in the urinary tract and has many possible causes, from infection to kidney stones.
Urine Culture
A urine culture helps identify bacteria causing urinary tract infections in men. While UTIs are less common in men than women, they can be associated with prostate conditions and tend to be more complicated, making accurate culture-guided treatment important.
Urine Glucose
Glucose is normally reabsorbed by the kidneys and is not present in urine. When blood sugar is high, glucose can spill into the urine and show up on a dipstick test.
Urine Ketones
Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy instead of glucose. Small amounts can appear during fasting or a low-carbohydrate diet, while higher levels can have a medical cause.
Urine Leukocytes
Urine leukocytes are white blood cells detected in the urine by a dipstick test. They are normally absent, and their presence can point to inflammation somewhere in the urinary tract.
Urine Nitrite
Nitrite is not normally found in urine. Certain bacteria convert nitrate into nitrite, so a positive dipstick result can be a sign of a bacterial urinary tract infection.
Urine Screening
Urine screening provides men with a quick overview of kidney and metabolic health. It can help detect conditions relevant to men's health, including early signs of diabetes, kidney issues, and urinary tract changes that may be related to prostate health.
Urine Sediment
Urine sediment analysis provides men with detailed insight into kidney and urinary tract health. It can help identify conditions such as kidney stones, which are more common in men, and detect urinary changes that may be associated with prostate-related issues.
Urine Sediment Leukocytes
Sediment leukocytes are white blood cells counted under the microscope in spun-down urine. A few are normal; a higher number can point to inflammation or infection in the urinary tract.
Urine Specific Gravity
Specific gravity reflects how concentrated your urine is, which is closely tied to how well hydrated you are. It typically ranges from about 1.002 to 1.035.
Urine Squamous Epithelial Cells
Squamous epithelial cells line the lower urinary and genital tract. A few in the urine are normal; larger numbers usually mean the sample picked up cells from the skin around the urethra rather than signalling disease.
Urine pH
Urine pH describes how acidic or alkaline your urine is. It naturally varies through the day with diet, hydration and other factors, and usually falls between roughly 4.5 and 8.0.
eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)
eGFR is the gold standard measure of kidney function and is essential for men's health monitoring. Men face higher rates of chronic kidney disease, and factors such as high-protein diets, creatine use, and greater muscle mass can influence the creatinine-based calculation, making regular monitoring important.