Kidney
23 markers in this category
Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR)
With a lot of muscle mass, a high-protein diet or creatine use, the creatinine in your urine can come out higher.
Citrate
Urinary citrate is a key stone-prevention marker particularly relevant for men, who are more likely to develop kidney stones.
Creatinine
When creatine, a substance for the energy of muscles, is broken down, the waste product creatinine is formed, which the kidneys have to remove from the blood, according to the NVKC.
Creatinine (Urine)
Urinary creatinine is relevant for men's kidney health assessment.
Cystatin C
Cystatin C offers men a more accurate kidney function assessment that is not influenced by muscle mass or high-protein diets.
Microalbumin (Urine)
Microalbumin testing is an important part of men's kidney health monitoring.
Oxalate
Urinary oxalate testing is relevant for men's kidney health, as men are more likely to develop kidney stones than women.
Protein (Urine)
Protein in urine testing is an important component of men's kidney health assessment.
Urea (BUN)
According to the Cleveland Clinic, when protein from food is broken down, the liver forms urea, a waste product that reaches the kidneys through the blood.
Urine Bilirubin
Bilirubin is a bile pigment formed during the breakdown of red blood cells; the liver converts it into a water-soluble form, conjugated bilirubin, which normally leaves the body through the bowel and the stool.
Urine Blood
This dipstick result detects blood in the urine that may not be visible to the eye.
Urine Culture
A urine culture helps identify bacteria causing urinary tract infections in men.
Urine Glucose
Glucose is normally reabsorbed by the kidneys and is not present in urine.
Urine Ketones
Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy instead of glucose.
Urine Leukocytes
Leukocytes in the urine are white blood cells, cells of the immune system that protects the body against foreign invaders.
Urine Nitrite
Nitrite is not normally found in urine. Certain bacteria convert nitrate into nitrite, so a positive dipstick result can be a sign of a bacterial urinary tract infection.
Urine Screening
Urine screening provides men with a quick overview of kidney and metabolic health.
Urine Sediment
Urine sediment analysis provides men with detailed insight into kidney and urinary tract health.
Urine Sediment Leukocytes
Sediment leukocytes are white blood cells counted under the microscope in spun-down urine. A few are normal; a higher number can point to inflammation or infection in the urinary tract.
Urine Specific Gravity
Specific gravity reflects how concentrated your urine is, which is closely tied to how well hydrated you are. It typically ranges from about 1.002 to 1.035.
Urine Squamous Epithelial Cells
A 2005 US review describes squamous epithelial cells as large and irregularly shaped, with a small nucleus; a 2020 US study assumes they reach a urine sample from the genital surfaces.
Urine pH
Urine is more or less acidic, and that acidity is expressed as the pH; according to MedlinePlus, acids are removed from the blood by the kidneys.
eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)
Your eGFR value tells you how many millilitres of blood your kidneys filter per minute, and in a muscular man that number often reads lower than his kidneys deserve. eGFR stands for estimated glomerular filtration rate: not a measurement, but a calculation from your creatinine, your age and your sex.