Skip to main content
Your session has expired. Reloading...
Hormones

SHBG in men: free testosterone, libido and the limits per age

According to the NVKC, SHBG, a protein from the liver, binds testosterone firmly and carries it around in a non-active form. According to the NVKC, men make mainly testosterone in the testes and only a little oestradiol, and according to the NVKC SHBG production is inhibited by testosterone.

According to the NVKC, normally about half of men's testosterone is attached to SHBG, and according to the NVKC a high SHBG probably leaves less testosterone free than total testosterone suggests. Only a blood test measures SHBG.

Star-SHL uses 18.3 to 54.1 nmol/l for men aged 20 to 49 and 20.6 to 76.7 nmol/l for men aged 50 and over.

Doctor's Assessment Included

SHBG is a protein from the liver that binds testosterone and oestradiol and carries them in an inactive form through the blood. According to the NVKC, with a raised SHBG less testosterone is probably freely available than the total testosterone level suggests.

  • For SHBG, Star-SHL uses 18.3 to 54.1 nmol/l for men aged 20 to 49 and 32.4 to 128 nmol/l for women aged 20 to 49; Certe and Diagnostiek voor U give, for ages 19 to 49, 18 to 54 nmol/L for men and 32 to 128 nmol/L for women.
  • According to the NVKC, SHBG reference values depend on the test method, and a result should be compared with the reference values of the laboratory that performed the test.
  • According to MedlinePlus, a low SHBG may be related to an underactive thyroid, type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance and obesity, among others, and a high SHBG to liver disease and an overactive thyroid, among others.

Reference Ranges

See the value that applies to you:

Choose male or female — this range differs by sex.

Enter your age — this range changes with age.

This range also depends on context such as cycle phase or sample material; the highlighted rows apply to your group.

Your reference range
nmol/l
18,3 76,7 nmol/l
Reference ranges by group, in nmol/l
Male · 20–49 years 18,3–54,1 nmol/l
18,3 54,1
Male · 50 years and older 20,6–76,7 nmol/l
20,6 76,7
18,3 76,7 nmol/l

Package-insert value: 5th-95th percentile per subgroup (n = 241 men 20-49 years; 174 men 50 years and older; 166 women 20-49 years; 177 women 50 years and older), with fasting blood drawn between 06:30 and 14:00. The reference cohort consisted of non-pregnant adults with a BMI of 30 or lower who used no contraception or relevant medication. A hormone reference value is assay-specific; these values apply to the Roche Elecsys method (CE package insert). Important for interpretation: SHBG is linked to body composition. Weight, BMI and waist-to-hip ratio are inversely related to SHBG, and a lowered SHBG is seen with overweight, insulin resistance and hypothyroidism. The pill, pregnancy and hyperthyroidism raise SHBG instead, and hormone therapy after menopause changes SHBG depending on how it is given. If you use contraception or hormone therapy, or are pregnant, this reference value does not apply to you.

Source: Roche Diagnostics Reference population: Roche reference cohort (Elecsys SHBG package insert CE, study CIM 000669; fasting, BMI 30 or lower, not pregnant, no contraception)

Reference ranges may vary between laboratories. When you order a test, a BIG-registered doctor assesses your personal results in context. For treatment decisions, discuss your results with your GP.

Check your own value

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): what Dutch laboratories use

Reference ranges by group, in nmol/l
Star-shl · Male · 20–49 years 18.3–54.1 nmol/l
18.3 54.1
Star-shl · Male · 50 years and older 20.6–76.7 nmol/l
20.6 76.7
Unilabs · Male · 19 years and older 14–71 nmol/l
14 71
Certe · Male · 19–49 years 18–54 nmol/L
18 54
Certe · Male · 49 years and older 21–77 nmol/L
21 77
Diagnostiek voor U · Male · 19–49 years 18–54 nmol/L
18 54
Diagnostiek voor U · Male · 50 years and older 21–77 nmol/L
21 77
0 84.7 nmol/l

Source: Star-shl

Source: Unilabs

Source: Certe

Source: Diagnostiek voor U

Each value as the laboratory itself publishes it, retrieved in 2026.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): what this test measures

The SHBG test expresses in nmol/l how much SHBG the blood contains. Unilabs uses 14 to 71 nmol/l for men older than 19, and Certe and Diagnostiek voor U give 18 to 54 nmol/L for men aged 19 to 49.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): why this value matters

According to the NVKC, estimating free testosterone with SHBG and testosterone matters especially in women; in men, with a high testosterone and a low SHBG, total testosterone according to the NVKC often already gives enough insight into how the testes are working.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): how the blood test works

Referral
No GP referral needed. After the order we arrange the referral through ZorgDomein, within one business day; orders after 17:00 or at the weekend start on the next business day. ZorgDomein emails a barcode, and that barcode is what the draw site needs.
The draw
A blood draw from a vein in the arm, at a partner laboratory's draw site. No home kit, no finger prick.
Which test
SHBG Test · €79,- · Testosterone Panel · €129,- · Hormones Man · €129,- · IVF Partner Screening (Men) · €325,-
Where
650+ draw sites run by independent laboratories across the Netherlands. Draw sites

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): how to prepare

  1. Preferably in the morning

    Recommended

    A morning draw makes this value easiest to compare with its reference range. Plan the draw before 10:00 if you can.

  • Water is always fine. Drink as usual beforehand, it makes the draw easier.
  • Take your usual medication, unless your own doctor told you otherwise.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): when is testing worthwhile?

In men, MedlinePlus says an SHBG test may be needed with symptoms of low testosterone, such as low sex drive, difficulty getting an erection, fatigue or loss of muscle mass and fertility problems.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): symptoms of a high or low value

Low Levels

According to MedlinePlus, a low SHBG may be related to an underactive thyroid, among others. According to the NVKC, with a lowered SHBG probably more testosterone remains free than the total testosterone test suggests.

High Levels

According to MedlinePlus, a high SHBG in men may be related to reduced production of sex hormones, and besides that to liver disease and an overactive thyroid, among others.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): causes of a low or high value

What lowers the value

  • Underactive thyroid

    An underactive thyroid may be related to a low SHBG.

  • Type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance

    Type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance may be related to a low SHBG.

  • Obesity

    Obesity or being very overweight may be related to a low SHBG.

  • Overuse of steroid medicines or anabolic steroids

    Overuse of steroid medicines and/or anabolic steroids may be related to a low SHBG.

  • PCOS in women

    In women, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may be related to a low SHBG.

What raises the value

  • Liver disease

    Liver disease may be related to a high SHBG.

  • Overactive thyroid

    An overactive thyroid may be related to a high SHBG.

  • Certain eating disorders

    Certain eating disorders may be related to a high SHBG.

  • Oestrogen-containing medicines in women

    In women, oestrogen-containing medicines such as the contraceptive pill or menopausal hormone therapy may be related to a high SHBG.

  • Reduced sex-hormone production in men

    In men, reduced production of sex hormones may be related to a high SHBG.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): lifestyle and this value

An abnormal SHBG is something to discuss with your GP. According to MedlinePlus, the doctor usually looks at the SHBG result together with the total testosterone result, to estimate how much free testosterone is in the blood.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): frequently asked questions

Is SHBG useful when total testosterone is normal?

SHBG can be useful with a normal total testosterone: according to MedlinePlus, symptoms from too little or too much free testosterone can also occur when the total testosterone is normal.

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin): sources

  1. Roche Diagnostics. Elecsys SHBG, Method Sheet 03052001500 V 15.0, 2024-11 (CE). Material 03052001190 (cobas e 411 / e 601 / e 602). Verwachte waarden: 5e-95e percentiel, studie CIM 000669 (415 mannen, 343 vrouwen; nuchter, BMI <= 30, niet zwanger, geen anticonceptie). (retrieved 2026) elabdoc-prod.roche.com
  2. Star-shl, Labbepalingen (referentiewaarden per bepaling), star-shl.nl, geraadpleegd 2026-10-01 (retrieved 2026) star-shl.nl
  3. Unilabs, Bepalingenklapper (referentiewaarden per bepaling), bepalingenklapper.nl, geraadpleegd 2026-10-01 (retrieved 2026) bepalingenklapper.nl
  4. Certe, Bepalingenwijzer (referentiewaarden per bepaling), bepalingenwijzer.certe.nl, geraadpleegd 2026-10-01 (retrieved 2026) bepalingenwijzer.certe.nl
  5. Diagnostiek voor U, eLabgids (Referentiewaarden DvU), diagnostiek.getincontrol.eu, geraadpleegd 2026-10-01 (retrieved 2026) diagnostiek.getincontrol.eu
  6. MedlinePlus, SHBG Blood Test, U.S. National Library of Medicine, last updated 2026-01-12, geraadpleegd 2026-10-15 (retrieved 2026) medlineplus.gov

Test Products

This marker is included in the following test panels.

Medical reviewer

Medical standards

Dr. Naimi oversees the medical standards behind our content and assessments.

Medical policy
CIBG Ministerie van Volksgezondheid,
Welzijn en Sport Official BIG registration BIG 49928676701 Opens in a new tab

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin)

€44,-